Here are a few facts and some theories that surround the mystery of the sinking of the Titanic.
Not a lot of people are aware that there were three ships were built at Harland and Wolff shipyard by White Star Line between 1909 -1911, but two in particular were almost identical. Those two ships were the Titanic and her sister ships the Olympic. The third ship being Britannica.
The building of the Olympic started three months earlier than the Titanic so that the shipyard could cope with these two massive jobs. The Olympic and the Titanic were set to be the largest ships in the world.
The Olympic was completed before the Titanic and her maiden voyage took place 14[SUP]th[/SUP] June 1911 to New York and return. The journey was successful. On 20[SUP]th[/SUP] September 1911 the Olympic collided with HMS Hawke off the Isle of White leaving the Olympic in serious damage (See pic below).
The extent of the damage wasn’t apparent until the Olympic was back in docks. Although the Olympic was able to make her way to Southampton under her own steam, she was quickly transferred back to her original docks in Belfast for the extensive repair job. But it took a fortnight of emergency patching to Olympic´s hull before she was in any fit state to attempt the voyage from Southampton to Belfast for more complete repairs. Able only to use one main engine, the crippled liner made the voyage at an average speed of about 10 knots, wasting the exhaust steam from the one usable engine. This steam would normally have driven the central turbine engine, which shows that this engine, its mountings or shafting, had been damaged in the collision. As this engine sat on the centerline of the vessel, immediately above the keel, which the damaged propeller shaft ran through, we can reasonably assume that the keel itself was damaged. Damage reports had found that the outer covering of one of the propellers had been severely damaged, the crankshaft had been damaged, and the bearing within the propeller had also been bent. The central turbine engine was unusable and the impact of the Hawke’s iron ram had caused vast internal damage to the Olympic. The Titanic and Olympic had cost a fortune to build, and would require years of operation before the company would see any profit. It was absolutely necessary to get the Olympic up and running. This was a financial disaster for White Star Line, not only because of the damage to the liner, but the loss of revenue because of cancellations of the future cruises. To make matters worse the Royal Navy concluded that the accident was the fault of White Star Line because their ship was so big that the displacement caused dragged the Hawke into her. This meant that the White Star Line was now responsible not only for the repair costs of their liner, but also the HMS Hawke and no insurance pay out. This left White Star Line with a reported bill of £45 million repair bill to the navy. As you read above during the accident the propeller of the Olympic became damages and in order for the Olympic to be repaired and sent on a voyage the propeller from the Titanic was used. This delayed the launch of the Titanic for several weeks. Back in the builders´ yard, work progressed steadily on the battered hull of Olympic. It must have been obvious from quite early on that the vessel was beyond economic repair, so these repairs need not have been quite as thorough as they otherwise might have been. Instead of replacing the damaged section of keel, longitudinal bulkheads were installed to brace it.
The torn plating and buckled ribs were straightened or replaced, a new propeller shaft and propeller was fitted and the damaged central turbine propeller shaft was patched up.
This is where the ships were swapped. The Titanic (which was still being built) was swapped with the Olympic. The builder’s yard didn’t have spares so they took what they could from the Titanic and altered the Olympic to look like the Titanic in order to meet the maiden voyage or risk losing the £10million cruise fare. According to most experts the builder’s yard would have taken a day to change the propeller but the work took weeks.
When the Olympic was originally launched several days of sea trials were taken, but the Titanic was only given about 4 hours of sea trial and was never taken beyond moderate sea speeds unlike the Olympic which was taken to full speed (23 knots). So was this because the ships had been swapped and trials were being conducted on a crippled ship rather than the real Titanic?
Story has it that the Titanic hit an iceberg on her maiden voyage and sank with a loss of 1,514 souls
Here are some facts that you might be interested in:
Harland & Wolff (the ship builders) had no spare engine crankshaft, propeller, or propeller shaft on hand to replace those damaged items on Olympic , except ones awaiting fitments to her sister vessel, Titanic. Essentially, the Olympic was repaired with parts from the unfinished Titanic, some of which can still be seen. One of the propellers still bears the 01 from the Titanic, which was model 401. It should also be noted that the bent bearing, which was designed to last a lifetime was never commissioned to be replaced. This would have resulted in a shaky voyage, which was noted by a passenger and survivor by the name of Lawrence Beesley.
Both the Titanic and Olympic were not initially designed to have bulkheads installed, but one was put into the Olympic to repair the damage to the hull. When Dr. Robert Ballard found the wreckage of the Titanic, he found a bulkhead which was not mentioned on any of the initial plans.
The Olympic was painted grey. This was done to aid photographs of the ship. It was a common practice as all photographs were black and white at the time. However, Titanic was painted black and never grey. Yet wreckage of the Titanic clearly shows grey paint.
In 1911 the Olympic was photographed clearly showing the join in her hull, yet the repair suddenly vanishes in photographs taken in 1912.
her to have had a joint in her hull plating immediately forward of the hawse hole, third row of black plating from the top.
Yet here is the Olympic taken year later and the repair has mysteriously vanished.
The Titanic was finally discovered and some of the theories about the swap can be put to the test. Below is a picture taken of the Titanic's propeller as it lies at the bottom of the Atlantic ocean. Although the propeller is stamped with number 401 (Titanic's yard number) it is missing the thrust bearing. This is consistent to the damaged caused to the Olympic. Titanic had never been in an accident and therefore the thrust bearing would have been in place.
Not a lot of people are aware that there were three ships were built at Harland and Wolff shipyard by White Star Line between 1909 -1911, but two in particular were almost identical. Those two ships were the Titanic and her sister ships the Olympic. The third ship being Britannica.
The building of the Olympic started three months earlier than the Titanic so that the shipyard could cope with these two massive jobs. The Olympic and the Titanic were set to be the largest ships in the world.
The Olympic was completed before the Titanic and her maiden voyage took place 14[SUP]th[/SUP] June 1911 to New York and return. The journey was successful. On 20[SUP]th[/SUP] September 1911 the Olympic collided with HMS Hawke off the Isle of White leaving the Olympic in serious damage (See pic below).
The extent of the damage wasn’t apparent until the Olympic was back in docks. Although the Olympic was able to make her way to Southampton under her own steam, she was quickly transferred back to her original docks in Belfast for the extensive repair job. But it took a fortnight of emergency patching to Olympic´s hull before she was in any fit state to attempt the voyage from Southampton to Belfast for more complete repairs. Able only to use one main engine, the crippled liner made the voyage at an average speed of about 10 knots, wasting the exhaust steam from the one usable engine. This steam would normally have driven the central turbine engine, which shows that this engine, its mountings or shafting, had been damaged in the collision. As this engine sat on the centerline of the vessel, immediately above the keel, which the damaged propeller shaft ran through, we can reasonably assume that the keel itself was damaged. Damage reports had found that the outer covering of one of the propellers had been severely damaged, the crankshaft had been damaged, and the bearing within the propeller had also been bent. The central turbine engine was unusable and the impact of the Hawke’s iron ram had caused vast internal damage to the Olympic. The Titanic and Olympic had cost a fortune to build, and would require years of operation before the company would see any profit. It was absolutely necessary to get the Olympic up and running. This was a financial disaster for White Star Line, not only because of the damage to the liner, but the loss of revenue because of cancellations of the future cruises. To make matters worse the Royal Navy concluded that the accident was the fault of White Star Line because their ship was so big that the displacement caused dragged the Hawke into her. This meant that the White Star Line was now responsible not only for the repair costs of their liner, but also the HMS Hawke and no insurance pay out. This left White Star Line with a reported bill of £45 million repair bill to the navy. As you read above during the accident the propeller of the Olympic became damages and in order for the Olympic to be repaired and sent on a voyage the propeller from the Titanic was used. This delayed the launch of the Titanic for several weeks. Back in the builders´ yard, work progressed steadily on the battered hull of Olympic. It must have been obvious from quite early on that the vessel was beyond economic repair, so these repairs need not have been quite as thorough as they otherwise might have been. Instead of replacing the damaged section of keel, longitudinal bulkheads were installed to brace it.
The torn plating and buckled ribs were straightened or replaced, a new propeller shaft and propeller was fitted and the damaged central turbine propeller shaft was patched up.
This is where the ships were swapped. The Titanic (which was still being built) was swapped with the Olympic. The builder’s yard didn’t have spares so they took what they could from the Titanic and altered the Olympic to look like the Titanic in order to meet the maiden voyage or risk losing the £10million cruise fare. According to most experts the builder’s yard would have taken a day to change the propeller but the work took weeks.
When the Olympic was originally launched several days of sea trials were taken, but the Titanic was only given about 4 hours of sea trial and was never taken beyond moderate sea speeds unlike the Olympic which was taken to full speed (23 knots). So was this because the ships had been swapped and trials were being conducted on a crippled ship rather than the real Titanic?
Story has it that the Titanic hit an iceberg on her maiden voyage and sank with a loss of 1,514 souls
Here are some facts that you might be interested in:
Harland & Wolff (the ship builders) had no spare engine crankshaft, propeller, or propeller shaft on hand to replace those damaged items on Olympic , except ones awaiting fitments to her sister vessel, Titanic. Essentially, the Olympic was repaired with parts from the unfinished Titanic, some of which can still be seen. One of the propellers still bears the 01 from the Titanic, which was model 401. It should also be noted that the bent bearing, which was designed to last a lifetime was never commissioned to be replaced. This would have resulted in a shaky voyage, which was noted by a passenger and survivor by the name of Lawrence Beesley.
Both the Titanic and Olympic were not initially designed to have bulkheads installed, but one was put into the Olympic to repair the damage to the hull. When Dr. Robert Ballard found the wreckage of the Titanic, he found a bulkhead which was not mentioned on any of the initial plans.
The Olympic was painted grey. This was done to aid photographs of the ship. It was a common practice as all photographs were black and white at the time. However, Titanic was painted black and never grey. Yet wreckage of the Titanic clearly shows grey paint.
In 1911 the Olympic was photographed clearly showing the join in her hull, yet the repair suddenly vanishes in photographs taken in 1912.
her to have had a joint in her hull plating immediately forward of the hawse hole, third row of black plating from the top.
Yet here is the Olympic taken year later and the repair has mysteriously vanished.
The Titanic was finally discovered and some of the theories about the swap can be put to the test. Below is a picture taken of the Titanic's propeller as it lies at the bottom of the Atlantic ocean. Although the propeller is stamped with number 401 (Titanic's yard number) it is missing the thrust bearing. This is consistent to the damaged caused to the Olympic. Titanic had never been in an accident and therefore the thrust bearing would have been in place.